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Hochkalter
At ,〔According to information from the Bavarian Survey Office (''Bayerischen Landesvermessungsamt'') in 2008, the exact height is 2,606.9 m. The figure of 2,606 m given on many maps is due to the decimal place being deleted without rounding the figure up.〕 the Hochkalter in the Berchtesgaden Alps is the highest peak in the massif of the same name and therefore one of the highest mountains in Germany. The massif is also called the ''Hochkaltergebirge'', ''Hochkalterstock'' or ''Hochkaltermassiv''.
The Hochkalter massif lies west of the Watzmann massif and, like it, is located within the Berchtesgaden National Park. The Hochkalter mountains are divided into sub-groups known as the Hochkalter Group (''Hochkalter-Gruppe''), Hocheis Group (''Hocheis-Gruppe'') and Southern Wimbach Chain (''Südliche Wimbachkette''). The most important base for climbing this alpenstock is the German Alpine Club's Blaueis Hut (''Blaueishütte'', literally "Blue Ice Hut") which lies at a height of in the Blaueis Combe (''Blaueiskar'') below the Blaueis, the most northern glacier in the Alps. Other mountain huts are the ''Bergheim Hirschbichl'' for the Hocheis Group, the ''Wimbachgrieshütte'' for climbs up the eastern flanks of the massif and the ''Ingolstädter Haus'' for the Southern Wimbach Chain.
== Geology of the Hochkalter mountains ==
The Hochkalter mountains, like the entire Northern Limestone Alps, consist of a mixture of dolomite and limestone. In the Hochkalter and Hocheis Groups, the harder Dachstein limestone predominates, rock that was formed by sedimentation in the Tethys Ocean during the Late Triassic stage (220 million years ago). When the Alps were formed the sloping strata of Dachstein limestome were tipped at an angle of 30° to 40° by tectonic movements of the African and European continental plates. The result can be clearly seen on the Hochkalter massif especially in the Ofen valley (''Ofental''). Much of the Southern Wimbach Chain comprises brittle Ramsau dolomite, which has contributed significantly to the accumulation of rocks in the Wimbach valley.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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